The Bantu

LESSON intent GRADE 11 HISTORY. TOPIC Bantu MIGRATIONS INTO CENTRAL AFRICA BEFORE 1800. OBJECTIVES Pupils should be suitable to line the term Bantu Define the term Migration apologize the origin of the Bantu. Explain the causes of the migration and settlement of the Bantu Describe the ship canal of life of the Bantu. ORIGIN Bantu is a common term utilise to equal to the all over 400 different heathenish separates of Africa stretching from south of the Sahara desert to southern Africa that have similar languages and to nearly finis customs. Their movements be cal take migrations their large scale movements over long distances.It is important however to say that these movement did not occur at once. They took place in phases. The Bantu harangue people were part of the Iron senesce people from the Middle East. They colonized on the banks of the River Nile. Later, they moved to North Africa and occupied any(prenominal) areas in the Sahara grass pull downs. From hither , they moved to the area or so Lake Chad, Nigeria and the Cameroon highlands area called the Benue-Cross region. However, some settled in the great lakes region in eastern hemisphere Africa. These people were given the name Bantu because of the imilarities that were noticed in their languages. For example, the prefix ba- and the postfix -ntu was common among the languages they spoke. To illustrate this, look at the table below which shows translations of the word soulfulness and people into some Zambian Bantu languages 1 Language Lozi Tonga Bemba Kaonde Tumbuka Singular Mutu Muntu Umuntu Muntu muntu plural form Batu Bantu Abantu Bantu antu CAUSES The drying up of the Sahara grasslands. This led the classifys that practiced agriculture to migrate in search of impudent fertile land and water for farming. There was population increase.This created insistence on the causing some other(a)s to migrate in search for new land. Occupation, agriculture, hunting, blacksmith etc. dura tion disputes in some cases led to the migration of some groups. This normally happened when a king died and members of the olympian family quarreled about who should succeed. Convicted people or criminals migrated in narrate to run away from be punished or killed. Tribal wars caused migrations as defeated tribes ran away from powerful ones for safety. striver trade contributed to the migrations in that in order to avoid cosmos ttacked and sold as slaves, some groups were forced to migrate to new areas. almost groups or individuals migrated merely for adventure. They did this so that they could explore and see what other lands were identical.Ambition some other reason that led to the Bantu migrations was that of expansion. Some rulers wanted to expand their kingdoms and therefore migrated in search of new areas. 2 THE personal line of credit AND EXAMPLES OF THE GROUPS THAT MIGRATED 1. = 3000 1 vitamin D BC origin 2 = ca. 1500 BC first migrations 2. a = Eastern Bantu, 2. b = Western Bantu 3. = molar concentration 500 BC Urewe nuclus of Eastern Bantu . 7. sec advance 9. = 500 BC 0 congo nucleus 10. = 0 1000 AD last phase 3 First group Passed through Congo Forest, avoided Zaire River and settled in Katanga or Shaba. This was about the 5th century. They settled here because of the fertile land, good rainfall, minerals, and grazing land. Interacted with the Portuguese who introduced them to new crops like, maize, sweet potatoes, and bananas. Second group Migrated around the 14th century. Settled occidental side of Lake Malawi. The descendants of this group are the Tumbuka, Nsenga, Kamanga and Tonga of Malawi.Another group of the Shona, Rozwi, and Karanga took a short cut, cover the Zambezi River and settled in Mashonland. Third group This group had the Sotho and Nguni and went north east via Tanzania through the western side of Lake Malawi. They settled in Mashonaland. Here, they were forced out by the Rozwi, Shona and the Karanga. The group went to settle in southeasterly Africa. This was between 9th and the 14th century. 4 slipway OF LIFE Economic The Bantu were agriculturists who grew crops like sorghum, millet, beans, maize, and sweet potatoes.They were pastoralists who kept animals like cattle, pigs, goats. They were hunters who track down wild game for meat. They were as well as smelters and also make farming implements Pottery makers, make channel decorated type. Made baskets and mats. 5 Social Lived in small households. Households were made of pole and daga. Roof was thatched with grass. Huts built in a secular form Kraal built in the middle for protection of the cattle. forage included fish, meat, and vegetables. Bark of the tree used as cloth. Political Family household chthonic eldest male member.Family make clans which formed villages. Villages headed by a headman. Villages formed a headdom or kingdom. Headed by a chief or king respectively. Religious Believed in a superior being. They called their super ior being by different names. Their god would be approached by leaders who were semi-divine. Had different spirits for different problems. Religious ceremonies held on tombs, below the msoro tree or any other sacred place. Cattle and/or other animals would be killed only during such ceremonies. iodin World Africa (Zambia) 2007 6